Let’s be real: periods can be confusing when they first become part of your life. You might know the basics — blood, cramps, cravings — but understanding what’s actually going on in your body each month can make a world of difference.
Whether you’re just getting started with your cycle or have a child or teen you want to educate, here are answers to eight common questions to help you connect the dots.
1. What exactly is a period?
Your period — also known as menstruation or menses— is when your body sheds the lining of the uterus.
That lining (made up of blood and tissue) flows out through the vagina. It’s a natural part of the menstrual cycle and a sign that your body is not pregnant that month.
2. What does “cycle” even mean?
Your menstrual cycle is the full hormonal rollercoaster that your body goes through each month to prepare your body for a potential pregnancy. It starts on the first day of bleeding (that’s Day 1!) and ends the day before your next period begins.
While 28 days is considered average, cycles can range from 21 to 35 days.
3. How long does a period last?
Most periods last around 4 to 7 days, but it can vary from person to person. Some factors that can affect period length include stress, diet, exercise, or health conditions.
4. What is considered a normal amount to bleed each month?
Most people lose about 2-3 tablespoons of blood during their period (30-40 ml) though, like the number of days it lasts, the flow varies.
A lighter flow can indicate pregnancy or happen because of increased stress, rapid weight loss, or strenuous exercise.
A heavier flow (having to change your menstrual product every hour from saturation or bleeding more than 7 days) is known as menorrhagia.
Heavier blood flow can be a result of hormonal imbalance, bleeding disorders, or uterine-related conditions such as fibroids — and it’s worth talking to a healthcare provider about.
5. Where does ovulation fit in this?
Ovulation is when one of your ovaries releases a mature egg for potential pregnancy.
This usually happens about halfway through your cycle. This is your most fertile time, so when you’re trying to conceive (or avoid pregnancy), it’s good to know when it’s happening.
Some people report being able to actually feel when they ovulate. It could be indicated by a little cramping on one side (called mittelschmerz) or noticing changes in discharge, aka cervical mucus, to look like a stretchy, egg-white-like substance.
You might also see a slight rise in your basal body temperature or experience breast tenderness.
6. Is period pain normal?
Some mild cramping/discomfort? Yes, that is very common.
Can’t-get-out-of-bed kind of pain or need to take pain killers? Not normal.
If your periods are super painful or you’re missing out on life because of them, it could be a sign of something deeper like endometriosis or fibroids. This is when it’s time to call your doctor for an exam to diagnose for sure and find options for treatment & pain relief.
7. What about PMS?
Premenstrual symptoms can include mood swings, fatigue, cravings, acne, and breast tenderness.
Mild premenstrual symptoms are expected, but if they’re intense or affecting your day-to-day life, that is another sign to seek additional medical support.
8. How do I choose the right period product?
There are so many period products out there now — it’s all about what works for your body and your lifestyle. Some options include:
- Pads (disposable or cloth)
- Tampons
- Menstrual cups
- Menstrual discs
- Period underwear
Try different products and see what feels best for you.
Understanding your menstrual cycle is empowering. It helps you spot changes that could point to underlying health issues like PCOS, endometriosis, or even thyroid imbalance.
Tracking your period can help you better understand your unique cycle and how it affects you.
Plus, it can make a big difference when you’re trying to conceive (or avoid pregnancy) or just want to feel more in tune with your body.
Curious to learn more or looking for natural support with your cycle?
Naturopathic medicine offers gentle, individualized ways to support hormonal health — from lifestyle and nutrition changes to herbal medicine and beyond. If you’re tired of “just dealing with it” every month, schedule your appointment today!